As we noted recently, the previous rules prevented merchants from treating higher-cost cards differently. They couldn’t refuse to take high-fee cards (they either had to accept all Visa cards or none, for example). They couldn’t encourage customers to use low-fee cards. They couldn’t charge more for purchases made with high-fee cards. They couldn’t even charge less for purchases made with low-fee cards.

ATM owners face a similar situation: Visa, Mastercard and American Express pay a small fee when their cardholders use an ATM. (They also sometimes charge a fee as well). But rules imposed by the card-issuers prevented merchants from charging a lower surcharge for withdrawals made with lower-fee cards. That left merchants with only bad choices when a card-issuer raised their fees: Absorb the expense, raise the surcharge for all users, or shut down the machine.

It’s unclear how the settlement will affect ATM transactions. And there will be a technological hurdle: most ATMs in use today are not equipped to charge different surcharges for different cards. But this is clearly a step in the right direction, and a victory for consumers and small businesses.

Now the new owners have been found, and the sale finalized.

Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc, the U.K.’s biggest government-owned bank, agreed to sell its credit- card payment processing unit to Advent International Corp. and Bain Capital LLC for 1.7 billion pounds ($2.7 billion).

RBS may receive a further 200 million pounds if the buyers’ returns hit certain targets, the Edinburgh-based bank said in a statement today. RBS will keep a 20 percent stake. It will also book a gain from the sale of about 850 million pounds after goodwill, separation and transaction costs, the bank said.

RBS is being forced to dispose of the unit to comply with European Union state-aid rules after taking 45.5 billion pounds in a taxpayer-funded rescue during the financial crisis. The bank announced this week the sale of 318 branches to Banco Santander SA to comply with the ruling, and must also dispose of its insurance division.

Advent and Bain Capital are private-equity firms. Such firms typically buy distressed companies, operate them for several years, then sell them at a profit.

But they also will operate profitable businesses on occasion, and that appears to be the case here. RBS has been steadily profitable, reporting $400 million in profits last year, and Advent and Bain appear to regard it as a good place to park investment money while the world recovers from global recession.

Advent also owns a 51 percent stake in another payment process, Fifth Third Processing Solutions, but said there are no plans to combine the processing companies.

The companies anticipate no changes in day-to-day operations, and the ownership change shouldn’t even be noticeable to ATM owners. If changes crop up in the future, ATM Network will notify ATM owners and help them adjust.

But here’s some good news: RBS has since determined that the change is unnecessary. So its end-of-day close will stay at 4 p.m.

The donation comes after independent ATM operators faced two direct threats to their businesses in less than two months.

BACKGROUND
In early April, Mastercard unilaterally reduced the transaction fee it pays to independent ATM networks while tripling the fee it charges to process Mastercard-branded cards or use its Cirrus network. Bottom line: Mastercard will siphon an additional $26 million a year from independent ATM operators — a transfer of wealth from thousands of small-business owners all across America to one of the world’s largest financial companies.

Then in mid-May, during Congressional debate over a financial-reform bill, Sen. Tom Harkin (D-Iowa) proposed an amendment that would have capped ATM surcharges at 50 cents — making most nonbank ATMs unprofitable to operate. Its passage would have resulted in ATMs disappearing from business establishments of all kinds, as well as destroying several thousand jobs.

Thankfully, the Harkin amendment was defeated. But the prospect of it being reintroduced in some form, as well as worries about future moves by Mastercard, has prompted the ATM Industry Association (ATMIA) to address the problem head-on with the creation of a “defense fund”.

THE FUND
The fund, made up of voluntary contributions from members and nonmembers, will pay for two things:

1. Legal advice in the wake of Mastercard’s profound changes to the industry’s fee structure.

2. A “white paper” on the nonbank ATM industry, to better explain what it does, how it works, and why proposals like Harkin’s would be disastrous for it.

ISSUES THAT AFFECT EVERYONE
Why should anyone outside the industry care? Let’s take a look.

In the case of the Harkin amendment, it’s pretty simple: a limit on ATM surcharges would make many ATMs unprofitable to own and operate.

Sen. Harkin clearly doesn’t understand the economics of nonbank ATMs. He assumes the only cost associated with an ATM transaction is the cost of processing — a cost erroneously estimated at 36 cents by Harkin’s staff.

But that ignores the cost of the ATM itself, as well as the time and cost of installation, maintenance, insurance, supplies and cash. Harkin seems to think that merchants would be happy to install and maintain a money-losing ATM. That’s simply ridiculous.

In the case of Mastercard and Cirrus, anti-competitive behavior hurts everyone who uses an ATM. Mastercard’s fee changes mean processing a Mastercard or Cirrus transaction is more expensive for merchants than, say, processing a Visa card. That leaves merchants with few choices — including raising surcharges for everyone (even if you don’t use Mastercard or Cirrus) or removing the machine because it’s no longer profitable.

None of the available options are good for either merchants or customers. The ATMIA fund will help the industry explore legal, regulatory and market strategies that would let us avoid such harmful choices.

WHAT CAN BE DONE
ATMIA has asked each member company to donate $500 to the fund. ATM Network has donated $3,000. We strongly urge others to step forward, too. You can donate online at the following links:

ATMIA members
https://www.atmia.com/unitedstates/membership/membershiprenewal

Nonmembers
https://www.atmia.com/unitedstates/membership/join

Thank you for joining us in this effort!

It will move up one hour, to 3 p.m. Eastern time from the current 4 p.m. Eastern time.

That means that any transaction processed after 3 p.m. Eastern time will be included in the next day’s total.

Please be aware of this when you begin reconciling your ATM Portal, ATM journal and bank activity statements for July. If your ATM’s operating hours differ from the RBS schedule, your daily transaction count may differ from theirs.

UPDATE: RBS has since determined that it won’t need to change its end-of-day close after all. So it will stay at 4 p.m.

The amendment is not dead — Harkin could try to bring it up again, either with this bill or with a different bill later on in the session. But at this point it seems unlikely to be part of the current bill.

Meanwhile, here are a few more people speaking up to oppose the amendment.

From a letter in the Des Moines (IA) Register:

I have to tell you, Sen. Tom Harkin, how disappointed I am with your proposed 50 cents maximum per ATM withdrawal fees. I’m a small-business owner in the ATM business, not a bank, but a hard-working, tax-paying U.S. and Iowa citizen.

It is an absolutely ridiculous statement that ATM withdrawals cost us a mere 36 cents, Senator Harkin. I have quite a few ATMs and drive more than 1,800 miles per week. I have the cost of gas, a vehicle, the cost of the ATMs, the interest for the cash in the ATMs, etc. I pay my locations between 50 cents and $1.50 per withdrawal as I lease the space in the locations.

Is Congress going to stop the person who charges $2.29 for a cup of coffee versus the store that charges 99 cents? Is Congress going to put a cap on Nike shoes when a merchant charges more than $200 for a pair of shoes that cost him $65, but the demand is there, so he can charge what he wants?

The biggest difference is my ATMs have a screen that asks the customer if they agree to the charges. If not, they hit cancel.

— Jeff “Ole” Olson, Guttenberg

And the Cato Institute resurrects a paper from 1998, the last time a senator (in that case, Republican Al D’Amato of New York) proposed capping surcharges:

Consumers have the ability to obtain money from their bank accounts without paying a surcharge. ATM surcharges allow banks and other ATM operators to deploy machines in more convenient locations than might otherwise be possible. Customers who are unwilling to pay a surcharge incur the cost of inconvenience, while those who value the convenience more than the cost of the fee have the option of paying for it. Senator D’Amato, Rep. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.)–Congress’s self-proclaimed socialist–and numerous consumer groups have formed an unlikely coalition to put an end to ATM surcharges. If successful, that campaign would limit the options of consumers, since there would be no means to support the more convenient ATM machines. Prohibiting ATM surcharges would only harm consumers by slowing the expansion of ATMs and reducing the number of ATMs currently deployed without making anyone better off.

The 1998 effort failed, which is why you find privately-owned ATMs all over the place, complementing the bank-owned ATM networks. It looks like the latest effort will fail, too — which is good for consumers and good for business.

The changes are complicated, but they break down into two basic categories:

1. Mastercard pays an “interchange fee” on every ATM withdrawal involving its Mastercard/Cirrus networks. As of April 1, MasterCard cut those payments by 30 percent.

2. Mastercard charges a fee for any transaction involving its Mastercard and Cirrus networks. As of April 16, Mastercard more than tripled that fee.

Added together, Mastercard is cutting its per-transaction payment by more than 62 percent on most transactions — dealing serious harm to every nonbank company that deploys ATMs. Overall, the move is expected to cost the nonbank ATM industry up to $26 million a year.

Other cards and networks currently are not affected.

BOTTOM LINE
Here’s what it means for ATM owners and operators: As of April 1, Mastercard is taking an additional 28 cents or so from every Mastercard-related transaction processed by a nonbank ATM.

WHAT YOU CAN DO
We will give the Mastercard deduction its own line on our monthly statements, so you can see exactly how much this affects your residual amounts.

We recommend raising your surcharge to cover the Mastercard/Cirrus pass-through. You might consider urging your customers to use any other card, such as Visa, Discover, American Express or regional banking cards.

You can also contact Mastercard/Cirrus directly at 1-800-627-8372.

For further updates, announcements and current industry headlines, check the “News” section on our ATM Network home page.

U.S. consumers are withdrawing more money from ATMs, likely the result of the economic recession, industry insiders say. In September 2008, when the recession was official, consumers started relying more heavily on cash and debit, and less on credit.

Gary Faulkner, the executive vice president and chief marketing officer of Morphis Cash Forecasting Software of Dallas, says it was around that time that U.S. ATM withdrawals started going up. He said many of his ATM customers started complaining that the Morphis forecasting tool was not meeting targets, and ATMs were often low on cash because of increased withdrawal amounts. Faulkner says ATMs that had been effectively managed by Morphis’ system for years were suddenly running out of cash.

“Starting in September 2008, customers were complaining that the forecasting was not right,” he said. “Nearly universally, our customers saw an increase in transactions and an increase in cash withdrawals per transaction.”

Faulkner says the volume of transactions increased as well. In fact, Faulkner estimates that the overall cash withdrawals from each transaction increased from roughly $65 to $75 a transaction to about $100 a transaction.

We’ve written before about the practice of using cash accounting to manage tight budgets — withdrawing a certain amount of money for holiday shopping or a weekly budget, and when the cash is gone, stop spending. We’ve also noted why a recession can be good for ATM usage.

Now the numbers are in. ATMs really *are* recession proof.

Tax time can be a headache for many small business owners. It’s not just that business tax rules can be confusing and arbitrary. Spring is the time when you have to go through a year’s worth of saved receipts and paperwork, trying to find a specific number or form, and hoping you didn’t accidentally throw out or misfile an important piece of paper.

At ATM Network, we understand this very well. Every year at this time we get a lot of calls from our customers. Usually it’s because their accountant needs to know how much money they made on their ATMs last year, and they didn’t save all the monthly statements we sent them with their checks.

It’s an even bigger headache for people who own a lot of ATMs. Someone with 80 machines has to keep track of — and add up — nearly 1,000 different monthly statements. The headache can be enormous.

Then there are the checks themselves. Paper checks can get lost, stolen or damaged. They take days to arrive. And machine owners have to take them to the bank, physically endorse them and deposit them.

At the end of 2009, ATM Network took a big step toward making things easier for customers by switching from paper checks to electronic payments. Customer profits are deposited directly in their bank account — automatically, without risk, and usually 10 days or so earlier than with paper checks.

Now ATM Network has taken the next step with Webstatements, its online statement archive.

Instead of receiving and storing a paper statement, customers can login to their Webstatements account to view their machine’s financial results.

They can see total activity for all of their machines, or view each machine individually. They can sort results by month and year. And if they do want paper copies, they can print out individual statements for all of their machines with a single click of the mouse.

The online statements contain all the information that used to be on ATM Network’s paper statements: profit information, daily activity, network activity, and more. So it’s easy to see at a glance how a machine is being used and how profitable it is.

Webstatements works in conjunction with ATM Portal, an online reporting service that tracks up-to-the-minute activity and keeps track of daily operating items like how much cash remains in each machine. ATM Portal provides daily reporting; Webstatements provides monthly summaries, as well as customer-specific financial information unavailable through ATM Portal.

It’s just one more way that ATM Network provides its partners with top-of-the-line service and accountability.

Nautilus Hyosung has developed software that will let ATMs sell Quick Pick lottery tickets.

Nautilus Hyosung America Inc. has partnered with Linq 3 to enable the purchase of quick pick lottery tickets on Nautilus Hyosung’s CE ATM models. Nautilus has been developing the software application for the CE models and will demonstrate the quick pick functionality during next week’s ATM Industry Association conference in Miami.

Linq3 developed the secure links to state lottery commissions that makes the whole thing work.

The software will work on any Hyosung machine running Windows CE. That includes the 1800CE and 5000CE.

All new CE models will ship with the software, and already-installed machines can get a software update to run it.